Interpretation of Seismic data

Due to the powerful scientific and technological support, JSC "TsGE" achieves optimal solutions to the problems of mapping, identifying traps, assessing reservoir properties and fluid saturation of formations.

The main procedures to be solved when interpreting seismic data are:

1. substantiation of stratigraphic reference of reflecting horizons:
   • interpretation of VSP data;
   • one-dimensional and two-dimensional seismic modeling;
   • assessment of the convergence quality of real and synthetic routes;
   • analysis of the contribution of boundaries to the formation of the reflected wave;
   • assessment of the phase characteristic of the signal;
   • assessment of the dynamic expressiveness of the formation in the wave field;
   • using the principles of seismic stratigraphy to identify reflecting horizons;
   • calculation of seismic markers according to VSP and AK;
2. detailed correlation of reflecting horizons:
   • automatic 2D-3D correlation;
   • refinement of correlation in zones of uncertain horizon tracking as a result of analysis of correlation dependences of amplitudes on effective thickness and average porosity of the reservoir;
   • control over the correctness of correlation in areas of uncertain tracking;
   • assessment of the accuracy of accounting for permafrost based on the study:
     • graphs of the dependences of the depths of the reflecting horizon (according to borehole data) on the time of its registration;
     • the temporary surface of the gas-water contact of the massive gas reservoir;
     • time-depth graphs for all reflecting horizons;
3. isolation and tracing of tectonic disturbances in a joint analysis:
   • seismic sections;
   • seismic attribute maps;
   • maps of the first and second derived surfaces;
   • maps of the curvature of the strike and contour;
   • form index cards;
4. building isochron maps:
   • smoothing maps;
   • edition of cards;
   • analysis of maps and their combination in a three-dimensional image;
5. reasonable choice of a speed model and the implementation of structural constructions based on it:
   • calculation of vertical velocity spectra;
   • calculation of horizontal velocity spectra;
   • analysis of the accuracy of the constructed deep-speed model;
   • calculation of interval and average speeds for all target horizons;
6. construction and analysis of structural maps of stratigraphic surfaces of target layers and reference horizons. Assessment of the reliability of structural constructions;
   • a method for assessing errors in structural constructions by comparing with well drilling data not included in the process of constructing structural maps (validation method);
   • using reference boundaries;
   • based on mathematical models of the history of tectonic development of stratigraphic sections of the section;
7. seismic inversion;
   • calculation of sections of acoustic rigidity;
   • restoration of an effective model of the environment by imitation annihilation method;
   • AVO - elastic inversion based on summation over various incidence angles (section forecast Vp, Vs, P);
8. construction of sections of seismic attributes:
   • transformation of seismic sections into sections of instantaneous amplitudes, frequencies, phases, sections of derivatives and integrals of seismic tracks;
9. calculation of intensity maps, heterogeneity, etc .;
10. mapping of seismic attributes and their editing taking into account the sedimentation model of the reservoir;
11. seismic facies analysis:
    • calculation of sedimentary sections;
    • calculation of seismic facies sections;
    • separation of seismic facies as a result of a comprehensive interpretation of seismic, sedimentation and seismic facies sections;
    • seismic facies analysis of attribute sections;
    • identification of paleodelt, paleorusel, paleobars, barrier islands, etc .;
    • analysis and comparison of seismic and log facies;
    • joint interpretation of seismic facies and paleotectonic analyzes to restore the conditions of accumulation of sand bodies-collectors, determine their genesis, facies environments;
    • identification of correlation between amplitudes (other attributes) and effective thickness, average porosity;
    • assessment of the prospects of the selected sedimentation bodies as a result of determining the nature of the saturation of the reservoir according to tests and well logging data
    • recommendations for laying new exploration wells;
    • classification of distinguished seismic facies;
12. analysis of tectonic and paleostructural development of the area:
    • calculation of sections of the paleohistory of the formation of horizons;
    • analysis of vertical sections of paleohistory sections along arbitrary profiles;
    • construction of paleotectonic sections;
    • analysis of sections of paleotectonic sections
    • construction and analysis of paleostructural plans of horizons.
    • coordination of the results of paleotectonic and seismic facies analyzes;
13. creation of a fundamental reservoir model:
    • creation of a sedimentation model of the reservoir based on paleotectonic and facies analysis;
14. geostatistical analysis of correlation relationships of seismic attributes and calculated parameters: effective thicknesses and coefficients of open porosity of the reservoir:
    • assessment of correlation between seismic attributes and reservoir power in the process of one-dimensional modeling;
    • search for relationships between AVO attributes and counting parameters;
    • Separate establishment of relationships for different sedimentation conditions;
    • multi-attribute analysis using the multiple regression method;
    • use of neural network technologies for forecasting FES;
    • calculation of maps of predicted calculation parameters;
    • comparison of maps of predicted parameters with maps of predicted distribution of sand bodies;
    • assessment of the reliability of the forecast of calculation parameters;
15. identification and preparation for drilling of new promising objects of structural and non-structural types;
16. issuing recommendations for setting up drilling of new exploration (or production) wells.